12月13日托福考试回忆 | 上午场回到了2套题的模式，但托福写作都是新题！！！

Pterosaurs were flying reptiles that existed between 228 and 66million years ago andreproduced by laying eggs, just as modern reptiles and birds do. Young pterosaurs hatched(emerged) from the eggs. There is a question, however: Could the young pterosaurs fly andlive independently immediately after hatching? Or did they need a lot of parental care beforethey learned how to fly? Some evidence suggests that newly hatched pterosaurs could not flyand were completely dependent on their parents.

Community Life

First, paleontologists have found numerous bones of both young and adult pterosaurstogether at one fossil location. This strongly suggests that young and adult pterosaurs livedtogether in a community. Community life is typical of animals in which adults take extensivecare of the young, feeding them and protecting them until they are mature.

A Pterosaur Embryo←Second, some time ago paleontologists discovered a pterosaur egg with an embryo-anunborn pterosaur-inside it. A close study of the embryo's features suggested that it was alate-stage embryo.an embryo very close to hatching. However, the embryo did not have fullyformed wings. Without fully functional wings, the young hatchling (a freshly hatchedpterosaur) would not have been able to fly.

Similarity to Birds

Finally, pterosaurs may have exhibited behaviors similar to those of modern birds. For birds.a considerable period of growth and parental care usually occurs before chicks (young birds)can fly. In fact, many birds care for their chicks in the nest for multiple weeks so that the chickshave enough time to develop their wings and become self-sufficient. lt would not have beensurprising for the pterosaurs to show the same behaviors as birds.